A REVIEW ON NOVEL TECHNIQUES TO ENHANCE SOLUBILITY OF POORLY AQUEOUS SOLUBLE DRUGS

Srikrishna T., Y. Prapurnachandra, P. Venugopalaih, C. Jhansi Rani*, V. Umadevi, P. Ramya and
Syed Shahistha

ABSTRACT

Solubility, the phenomenon of dissolution of solute in a solvent in a specified condition to give a homogenous system, is the important parameters to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for desired pharmacological response. Due to their low solubility and dissolution rate, the main goal of this review was to increase the solubility of BCS Class II medicines. Thus, the hardest part of developing new drugs was making essentially insoluble drugs more soluble. Low solubility pharmaceutically active compounds indicate a higher chance of medication development and innovation failure. Their solubility has a huge impact on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and a few other characteristics like drug absorption, drug distribution, protein binding, etc. Oral dosage forms account for over half of all pharmaceutical dosage forms, and the drug molecule needs to be soluble in water. Solubility and bioavailability are key components in ensuring the drug molecule has good therapeutic action at the target site. Therefore, as chemical science advances, pharmaceutical technologies must be developed to increase patient adherence to medicine. In order to obtain effective absorption and improved bioavailability, this article aims to describe various solubility enhancement techniques. These techniques include both traditional and novel approaches, such as pH adjustment, micronization, homogenization, salt formation, lyophilization, hot melt extrusion, solvent evaporation, sonocrystallization, prodrug approach, co-solvent approach, spherical agglomeration, combination with other drugs, dissolution testing, etc. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of solubilization strategies that can be used to increase bioavailability and achieve efficient absorption.

Keywords: Bioavailability, Solubility, BCS classification, lyophilisation and sonocrystallization.