POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION OF MODERN INSTRUMENTAL AND DIGITAL METHODS FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF PATIENTS WITH MELANOCYTIC NEOPLASMS

Polatova D. Sh.*, Tagaev J. A., Ibragimova D. A., Khamidullaeva O. O. and Savkin A. V.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the research – to evaluate the role and possibilities of using modern methods of digital photodermatoscopy and morphological immunohistochemical analysis using an automated program based on artificial intelligence in the early stages among patients with melanocytic neoplasms. Materials and Methods. A randomized controlled clinical trial conducted based on the consultative and diagnostic department of RSNPMCOR, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, from September 2021 to January 2023. Among the participants who completed the clinical study, there were 89 patients with melanocytic neoplasms. Group I consisted of 44 patients, among whom were 24 (54.5%) men and 20 (45.6%) women, who underwent a primary appointment in the field of oncodermatology with a standard pool of diagnostic measures, which include an appointment with an oncologist with visual examination of the type "ABCDE" and the possibility of using dermatoscopy if necessary (at the discretion of the specialist); The II group of patients consisted of 45 patients, among which there were 25 (55.5%) men and 20 (44.5%) women, who underwent visual assessment according to the "ABCDE" type, while dermatoscopy performed in all patients of group II, using automated system "ATVM master" of the FotoFinder® company (Columbia, USA). When conducting a biopsy for the purpose of morphological examination and determination of the type of melanoma and differentiation of neoplasms, for participant’s in-group I, a standard morphological analysis used using microscopy; for group II, immunohistochemical analysis used with FISH staining and an automated analytical system Visiopharm® (Hoersholm, Denmark) based artificial intelligence algorithm. Results. Taking into account the conducted clinical study among patients with melanocytic neoplasms, 42.7% of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of melanoma were identified. Among the morphological forms of melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma was identified - 24 (66.7%) patients, nodular form - 6 (16.6%), lentigo melanoma - 3 (8.3%), acral melanoma - 3 (8.3%) %) of the patient. Сonclusions. Because of the clinical study, it was possible to identify the effectiveness of the use of modern methods for diagnosing melanoma among patients with MN. The use of an improved diagnostic model among both dermatologists and oncologists will potentially allow synchronizing the process of multidisciplinary work of specialists in relation to the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma.

Keywords: Differential diagnosis of melanoma; melanocytic neoplasms; digital photodermatoscopy; immunohistochemistry.