EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL TOPICAL FORMULATIONS FROM THE LEAVE EXTRACTS OF SENNA ALATA AND PSIDIUM GUAJAVA

Ordu J. I.* and Asagba Daniel E.

ABSTRACT

This research work is aimed at the formulation and evaluation of cosmetic/pharmaceutical cream from senna alata and psidum guajava leave extracts in comparison with ketoconazole and gentamicin. Cream formulations was carried out in batches and designated as: batch A (S.alata extract), batch B (P. guajava extract), batch C (S. alata and P. guajava extract (1:1) batch D (S. alata and P. guajava extracts (3:1), batch E (S. alata and P. guajava extracts (1:3), then evaluated for some physicochemical parameters such as: pH, viscosity, conductivity, type of emulsion, emolliency and thermal stability. Anti-microbial screening of the formulated creams was investigated on pathogenic micro-organisms to determine the medicinal value and the organisms included: Escherichia coli, proteus spp, salmonella thyphi, Staphylococcus aureus and the fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillous albicas. The results obtained depicts the extracts to have pharmaceutical and antimicrobial properties within acceptable range of activities with formulated batch E dissipating better activity. The cream formulations were observed to be o/w type and with pH values ranging between 7.13 to 8.34. The viscosity of the various creams formulated also ranged between 523±0.03 to 613±0.02cp while upon their subjection to thermal stability, liquefaction at 60OC occurred within the time line of 46 to 65 seconds while batch E was observed to be the most stable as it took the longer time to liquefy.

Keywords: Senna alata, Psidium guajava, Leave extracts, topical formulation, Evaluation, optimization.