PREVALENCE OF MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN YOUNG ONSET INDIAN TYPE 2 DIABETES SUBJECTS LESS THAN 40 YEARS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

*Dr. Samarth Somanath and Dr. R. Anil Kumar

ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of microvascular complications in young Indian type 2 diabetic subjects less than 40 years attending a tertiary diabetic institute. Research Design and Methods: Type 2 diabetic subjects 100 in number were randomly selected from patients attending Karnataka institute of endocrinology and research over one year. Microalbuminuria was estimated by immunoturbidometric assay and diagnosed if albumin excretion was between 30 and 299 μg/mg of creatinine, and overt nephropathy was diagnosed if albumin excretion was ≥300 μg/mg of creatinine. Diabetic retinopathy was assessed by vitreo retinal specialist using stereoscopic retinal colour photography, neuropathy by monofilament and biothesimeter tests. Results: 100 persons with diabetes aged less than 40 years were randomly selected. There were 54 males and 46 females. 81% had their waist circumference between 80 to 110 cms. BMI of 79% was between 18.5 to <30 kg/sqmt. Mean BMI was 26.35 ±4.38. Mean HBA1c was 9.65 ±2.29. 44% had low HDL, 79% high LDL and 59% had high triglyceride levels. Prevalence of Retinopathy was 21% and 22% had nephropathy and neuropathy. 4% had all the three microvascular complications. Conclusions: Prevalence of Retinopathy was 21%, out of which 17% had mild NPDR, 2 % had moderate NPDR and 2 % had severe NPDR. Prevalence of Neuropathy was 22 %. Prevalence of Nephropathy was 22 %, out of which 4% had macroalbuminuria.4% of subjects had all 3 microvascular complications.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, nephropathy, retinopathy, microalbuminuria.