EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL RESEARCH

( An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal )

An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical, Medical & Biological Sciences

An Official Publication of Society for Advance Healthcare Research (Reg. No. : 01/01/01/31674/16)

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ISSN 2394-3211

Impact Factor: 7.065

ICV - 79.57

Abstract

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CLINICO-ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND MANAGEMENT OF HYPONATREMIA IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Sajja Ravindra Babu*, K. Blessy and Meher Fathima

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze the prevalence, incidence of hyponatremia in medical ill patients and also to study the time taken for recovery of hyponatremia. Method: A Retrospective cohort study which was conducted on 100 patients above 18 years of age with serum sodium 125 mmol/L. The patients are retrospectively divided into two groups: Group A: Patients who are presented with hyponatremia to the hospital, Group B: Patients who either developed hyponatremia for the first time in the hospital or who’s sodium levels fell further after admission. Results: Total cases of 100 patients out of which 73 cases were group A, and 27 cases were group B. Hyponatremia was found to be more prevalent in males (60%) than in females (40%). Based on age, incidence of hyponatremia in adult population is 18-65 years. Whereas, the incidence of hyponatremia in elderly population (>65 years) is higher. There is a significant no. of cases in overweight (according to BMI) category that is 40%, overweight category is followed by ideal weight (24%) and obese (27%). The most comorbidity was found to be Diabetes mellitus (60%), followed by hypertension (35%) and coronary artery disease (5%). Hyponatremia is more incident in ER (10%) + ICU (28.3%). In cancer patients, hyponatremia could be due to chemotherapy or several types of cancers cause excessive production of ADH leading to SIADH. Based on the symptoms vomiting and drowsiness each 41%, shortness of breath 26.60%, pedal edema 23.3%, were most common features seen in the patients followed by cough, diarrhea, fatigue and altered sensorium. Conclusion: This study indicated that hyponatremia is the most usual electrolyte imbalance met in clinical setup & it should be recognized and corrected early without any delay, as delaying the treatment would worsen the condition of patient.

Keywords: Hyponatremia, hypervolemic, electrolyte imbalance, Plasma sodium levels.

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