ADVANCES IN STRUCTURAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL INSIGHTS OF FIVE-MEMBERED RING SYSTEMS: UNVEILING THE POTENTIAL OF TRIAZOLES IN ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY AND BEYOND

G. Mahalakshmi*, Dr. N. Venkateshan

ABSTRACT

This study explores the structural properties of various five-membered ring systems, including symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged triazoles, oxadiazoles, dithiazoles, and thiadiazoles with three heteroatoms. Emphasis lies on synthesizing and assessing the pharmacological impact of triazoles, showcasing a broad spectrum of activity: anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. Triazoles have revolutionized treatment possibilities, now effective against conditions like aspergillosis, candidiasis, and cryptococcal meningitis. Despite existing antifungal therapies, unacceptably high mortality rates persist with these infections. This has spurred the development of antifungal agents targeting specific fungal elements, fueled by rapid progress in molecular mycology. As we enter a new antifungal therapy era, the outlook is promising. The pursuit of targeted antifungals, alongside expanding treatment options, exemplifies our growing capacity to combat systemic fungal diseases. In this dynamic landscape, advancements continue to unfold despite the challenges posed, enhancing our ability to confront systemic fungal infections more comprehensively.

Keywords: Anti-fungal drugs, Triazoles derivatives, Heteroatoms, Biosynthesis, Chemotherapy.