ASSESSMENT OF LEFT VENTRICULAR FREE WALL RUPTURE IN ACUTE ANTERIOR AND INFERIOR WALL MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: IMPACT ON EARLY HOSPITAL OUTCOME

Syeda Masuma Kawsar* and Amirul Islam Bhuyan

ABSTRACT

Background: Left ventricular free wall rupture (LVFF) is a rare but life-threatening complication that can occur following acute anterior and inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI). LVFF refers to the rupture of the left ventricular wall, which can lead to cardiac tamponade and hemodynamic instability. Early identification and management of LVFF are crucial to improve hospital outcomes and patient survival. Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the LVFF of acute anterior & inferior wall MI & their early hospital outcome. Method: The cardiology clinic at Tertiary Hospital was the site of this prospective research. If clinical echocardiography revealed that 120 patients hospitalized with AMI had an LVEF of 40% or less, then they were qualified to participate in the research. According to the second and third universal definitions of myocardial infarction, an AMI was determined to be a medical emergency. Patients were split into two categories: those with anterior MI (n=60; n=23 with complications; n=37 without) and those with inferior MI (n=60; n=16 with complications; n=44 without) for the study. Results: The majority of participants were above the age of 50, and those who had an anterior MI with complications were older than those who experienced an anterior MI without complications (52.17 percent vs. 48.66 percent). In addition, males were more likely to have Anterior MI with Complication (91.30%) or Inferior MI with Complication (93.75%) or Total MI (100%) than females were. In addition, no abnormal symptoms were observed in any of the groups, although in others, such those with inferior MI with complications, 20% had crepitus in the lungs, 6% had a systolic heart murmur, and 6.25 percent had a soft 1st heart sound. Furthermore, diabetes was prevalent in populations where smoking was a norm. Furthermore, according to Body Mass Index (BMI), 37.5% of people with inferior MI with complications were overweight, whereas only 10.81% of those with inferior MI without complications were overweight. Inferior and internal MI were also strongly linked with the presence of risk factors such as body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking prevalence. There was a significant difference in the rate at which LVF occurred between the groups experiencing anterior and inferior MI complications (73.92% vs 93.75%). Also, the rate of mechanical complications was significantly higher in the inferior MI with complications group than in the anterior MI with complications group (87.5% vs. 47.82%). In addition, the Inferior MI without Complication group showed no signs of abnormalities. Lastly, there were no mass fatalities reported. Conclusion: According to our findings, there was a strong association between the incidence of inferior and interior MI and advanced age, male predominance, risk factors such body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking prevalence. Even while LVF was more common in the inferior MI with complications group than in the anterior MI with complications group, it did occur. However, people who have had an inferior MI with no complications are at little danger of developing any more issues.

Keywords: Left ventricular free wall rupture (LVFF), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), Heart Disease.