"ASSESSMENT OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND CYTOTOXICITY OF MODIFIED NANOBASED ANTIBIOTICS AS ROOT CANAL MEDICAMENTS" (AN IN-VITRO STUDY)

Alaa Mohamed Alkawas*, Maram Farouk Obeid and Sarah Hossam Fahmy

ABSTRACT

Background: The purpose of this research is to assess the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of modified nanobased antibiotics as root canal medicaments in vitro. Methods: Depending on the type of intracanal medicine used, the dentinal tubules of 85 root samples that were infected with Enterococcus faecalis were randomly allocated to one of 5 groups. A total of 1mg/ml, 0.1mg/ml of [double antibiotic paste (DAP)] or [modified triple antibiotic paste (mTAP)] in regular form, DAP or mTAP loaded nano particles using the [poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)] as a nano carrier and PLGA nanoparticles (control) were inserted in the root canal for 1 week. Dentine shavings were obtained after treatment, and colony-forming units were measured. MTT assay was utilized to assess cytocompatibility against human lung fibroblastic cell line [WI-38] after 24 and 48 hours. The data were statistically analyzed (P < .05). Results: In terms of bacterial eradication, DAP or mTAP loaded nano PLGA performed much better than the regular form. The higher the concentration, the higher the antibacterial effect (1>0.1mg/ml). while it showed no significant difference regarding the antibacterial effect of Nano mTAP. All intracanal medicaments were cytotoxic when in full concentration but when diluted their cytotoxic effect decreased. All the drug loaded nano PLGA showed a higher cytotoxic effect than their regular forms. Conclusions: DAP or mTAP loaded nano PLGA are more effective against Enterococcus faecalis than their regular counterparts but were more cytotoxic at higher concentrations.

Keywords: Double antibiotic paste, Enterococcus faecalis, Nanoparticles, Modified triple antibiotic paste, Cytotoxicity.