CYTOKINE PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH ENT DISEASES ON THE BACKGROUND OF COVID-19

Amonov Erkin I. and Musakhodjaeva Diloram A.

ABSTRACT

Patients with COVID-19 are characterized by the development of a "cytokine storm" - a state of uncontrolled release of a large number of inflammatory mediators. The aim of the study was to assess the levels of regulatory cytokines in the blood serum of patients with ENT diseases in hospitalized patients with moderate and severe severity of COVID-19. Material and methods. 84 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of coronavirus infection were under observation. Of these, 16 (19.04%) patients had a mild course, 44 (52.4%) patients with a moderate degree, and 24 (28.6%) patients with a severe degree. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was established based on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by PCR in swabs from the nasopharynx and oropharynx. The levels of serum cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IFNα and IFNγ) were studied by ELISA using the kits of Vector Best JSC (Novosibirsk, Russia). The results of the study showed that the levels of both pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4) cytokine in patients with ENT diseases on the background of COVID-19 are sharply increased. Moreover, the elevated level is more pronounced in severe COVID-19. Interferons in COVID-19 have multidirectional synthesis: IFNα is reduced, and IFNγ is increased. Therefore, the cytokine storm in COVID-19 is a severe clinical condition caused by systemic hyperinflammation.

Keywords: Patients with ENT diseases, COVID-19, cytokines.