PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL RECIPES FROM INDIGENOUS WOMEN HEALERS OF BURKINA FASO

Boly Rainatou*, Magnini D. René, Bancé Alimata, Compaoré Souleymane, Compaoré S. Clarisse, Yoda Jules, Ilboudo Sylvain, Ouédraogo Geoffroy and Kini B. Félix

ABSTRACT

Infectious and parasitic diseases were responsible for 9.2% of worldwide deaths in 2019. Research is focused on herbal preparations or medicinal plants to develop new and more potent antimicrobial compounds. In the present manuscript, the antimicrobial effect of four indigenous recipes from traditional women healers of Burkina Faso was assayed against various pathogens, including bacteria, yeast, and molds. Moreover, the phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity study were carried out. The paper disc diffusion method was used to screen the antimicrobial effect of the herbal recipes. The search for alkaloids, saponins, coumarins, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and steroids was performed using adequate standard qualitative methods. The acute toxicity of each recipe was investigated in female NMRI mice with a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg. Based on the germs tested, the recipes presented an antibacterial effect with inhibition diameters ranging from 0 to 20.33 ± 0.57 mm. Recipe BMDA obtained from Parkia biglobosa exhibited strong antibacterial activity against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. However, none of the recipes was potent on fungi germs. The recipes presented differences in phytoconstituents composition. Saponins and triterpenoids were present in all recipes, whereas coumarins were only seen in recipe BMDA. All the recipes showed no acute toxicity at the limit dose of 5000 mg/kg of body weight. Taken together, the results provide scientific validation regarding the traditional anti-infectious use of the recipes. Further investigations of antimicrobial action and identification of the main phytochemical compounds may be necessitated.

Keywords: Indigenous recipes, infectious diseases, antimicrobial effect, phytochemical, acute toxicity.