THE RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUBCUTANEOUS SUCTION DRAINS AND A CONTROL GROUP WITHOUT DRAINS IN PREVENTING SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS AFTER EMERGENCY ABDOMINAL SURGERY

Dr. Ahmed Al Amin*, Dr. AKM Daud, Prof Dr. Nurul Quayum MD Musallin, Dr. Bishnu Pada Bhowmik, Dr. Syeda Ishrar Islam Lethee and Dr, Syeda Nadia Islam Juee

ABSTRACT

Background: Significant morbidity, death, and healthcare expenditures are linked with surgical site infection (SSI), a postoperative wound complication often seen after open abdominal surgery. In order to avoid fluid collection and seroma development, a subcutaneous suction drain is placed to minimize the void area under the skin. Objective: To evaluate the relative effectiveness of subcutaneous suction drains and a control group without drains in preventing surgical site infections after emergency abdominal surgery. Method: This prospective study was carried out at tertiary medical college and hospital from June 2020 to June 2022 where All of the 200 patients admitted to emergency department who underwent laparotomy within 72 hours of admission and above 18 years were included in the study. Where in group-A, 100 drain cases were included and in group-B another non drain patients were included. Results: During the study, where in group-A 31% cases were belong to ≤30 years age group followed by 27% in 31-40 years, 22% in 41-50 years age group. whereas in group-2 31% cases were belonging to ≤30 years age group followed by 25% in 31-40 years, 24% in 41-50 years age group. there is no major observation was noticed. In addition, majority were male. In group-A 52% had diabetes, 48% had hypertension. Followed by in group-B 60% had diabetes, 40% had hypertension. In addition in group-A 38% had obesity and 55% had history of smoking. Whereas in group-B 31% had obesity and 51% had history of smoking. Besides that, in group-A, acute appendicitis seen in 22% followed by appendicular perforation seen in 15% cases whereas in group-B cholecystitis with choledocholithiasis seen in 20% cases, followed by acute appendicitis seen in 19%.The incidence of surgical site infection in drain group was lower than the no drain group (26% vs 53%), which was statistically significant (p value 0.001). Moreover in drain group patients had to stay in less days in hospital than no drain group (8.80±2.01 vs 12.10±1.05). Conclusion: From our study we can conclude that, a statistically significant function for subcutaneous drains in lowering the rate of surgical site infections after emergency abdominal surgery.

Keywords: Surgical site infection (SSI), subcutaneous suction drains, abdominal surgery.