PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF PREANAESTHETIC AND ANAESTHETIC MEDICATIONS: A RECORD BASED STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Vishnu T., Shashikala M., Sudesh, Yazhini S. and J. Andrew Gnanaprakasan*

ABSTRACT

Preanaesthetic medication refers to the use of drugs before anaesthesia to make it more pleasant and safe. Premedication was originally introduced to facilitate induction of anaesthesia with agents, such as chloroform and ether that are irritant and produce copious amounts of secretions. Anaesthesia is defined as a state of temporary induced loss of sensation or awareness, it may include analgesia (relief from or prevention of pain), paralysis (muscle relaxation), amnesia (loss of memory) or unconsciousness. Objective: To describe pattern of pre anaesthetic and anaesthetic medications being given to adults in surgery department in a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: This was a record-based study. The research period was about 6 months. Data were collected from the patient's case records and treatment chart who had undergone surgery in the department of Surgery in MIMS teaching hospital, Mandya. Result: Total 200 patients records were analysed. The male subjects were 64% more than female subjects 36%. The maximum number of subjects were found in the age group between 26-44year. As preanaesthetic medication, Alprazolam/Midazolam/Diazepam [162 (33.40%)] as Anxiolytics, Fentanyl/Tramadol/ Pentazocine/Buprenorphine [66 (13.60%)] as opioid analgesics, Omeprazole/Pantoprazole/Ranitidine [132 (27.22%)] as gastroprotective agents, Ondansetron [89 (18.36%)] as antiemetics, Glycopyrrolate [36 (7.42%)] as anticholinergic. As anaesthetic medication, Bupivacaine/Lignocaine [136 (68%)] as local anaesthetic and Ketamine/Propofol/Sevoflurane/Isoflurane [44 (20%)] as general anaesthetic. Conclusion: Our study concluded that the prescribing pattern of preanaesthetic and anaesthetic medication in department of surgery and provides a practice protocol for the choice of preanaesthetic and anaesthetic medication.

Keywords: Preanaesthetic medication, Anaesthesia, Surgeries, and Anxiolytic drugs, Opioid Analgesics, Anticholinergics, Gastro Protective drugs, NSAIDs.