STUDY OF PCOS AND AMH IN INFERTILE FEMALE
Meghna Patel*, Niral Patel and Navneetkumar Singh
ABSTRACT
Infertility primarily refers to the biological inability of a person to contribute to conception. It is acquiring a proportion of global epidemic which affects male and female equally. Some of the most common causes of female infertility are age, polycystic ovaries, complications from being infected with sexually transmitted diseases, smoking, and being underweight or overweight. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility in women. In PCOS, the ovary doesn't make all of the hormones it needs for an egg to fully mature. The follicles may start to grow and build up fluid but ovulation does not occur instead it remain as cysts. It is a complex, heterogeneous disorder of uncertain aetiology however the suggested causes include genetic susceptibility, obesity, elevated insulin, hormonal imbalance, life style, excess androgen, environmental factors, insulin resistance etc. Various criteria for confirmation of PCOS have been discussed in detail in this paper. Presently its diagnosis lies on symptoms and physical findings; ultrasound testing and hormonal testing. Traditionally the absolute level of LH and FSH, as well as the LH:FSH ratio, can offer significant insight into the PCOS patient. Antimüllerian hormone (AMH) also known as Müllerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS) is a new diagnostic marker of ovarian function and for diagnosis of PCOS. In female AMH is produced by the granulosa cells of the recruited follicles primarily by the pool of early-growing follicles, until they become sensitive to FSH. It is widely accepted that the reduction of AMH levels in serum is the first indication of a decline in the follicular reserve of the ovaries. AMH being more stable during the entire menstrual periods could be used as a better marker over FSH and LH for diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome especially where the ultra sonographic examination of the ovaries is not feasible.
Keywords: Polycystic ovarian syndrome, anovulatory infertility, Antimüllerian hormone.
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