TO DETERMINE THE PREVALENCE OF PREDIABETES AND DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG POPULATION OF JAMSHORO: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

*Abdul Majeed, Syed Naseem Shah, Riaz Hussain, Tabssum Mohamad Ejaz Chauhan, Mohammed Abid ziyauddin Chauhan and Vajeeha Haider

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes, an endocrine disorder that makes it difficult to regulate blood sugar levels within normal physiological limits, is becoming more widespread. The global prevalence of diabetes increased from 2 folds between early 90's and become 4 folds by the end of this millennium, putting heavy toll on the overall health status of individuals as well as community. Hence this study is of utmost importance to detect its load on our region. Objective: To determine prevalence of prediabetes mellitus (preDM) and diabetes mellitus (DM), among population of Jamshoro. Methodology: This cross sectional analysis was conducted on 2145 individuals, age between 20 to 60 attending medical OPD at LUMHS Jamshoro from dated: 1st January 2022 to 31st July 2022, using array of preformed questioners and blood tests (HbA1c, FBS Blood CP) after precisely following all inclusion criterions. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the data and cross tabulations were obtained. Results: This cross sectional analysis conducted on 2145 population size, out of which 1129 (52.6%) were male and 1016 (47.4%) were female. Prevalence of Prediabetes among this population was found out to be 15.4% (331 individuals) and Prevalence of diabetes mellitus was found to be 39.95% (857 individuals). Out of the 331 patients of Prediabetes 127 (38.3%) were male and 204 (61.6%) were female. Out of these 127 male that were positive for prediabetes 39% were smokers and 71% were having physical inactivity or sedentary lifestyle for minimum of 3 years. Out of these 204 female that were positive for prediabetes 13% were smokers and 63% were having physical inactivity or sedentary lifestyle for minimum of 3 years. Out of these 313 male that were positive for diabetes mellitus 37% were smokers and 69% were having physical inactivity or sedentary lifestyle for minimum of 3 years. Out of these 544 females that were positive for diabetes mellitus 17% were smokers and 67% were having physical inactivity or sedentary lifestyle for minimum of 3 years. Conclusions: This study shows that prevalence of Prediabetes and diabetes mellitus was found out to be 15.4% and 39.95% respectively, which itself are very alarming signs. BMI, Smocking status, Central obesity, physical inactivity and healthy diet status were found out to be primarily associative factors. Health authorities and policy makers must take immediate measure to early diagnose, and prevent, control, and management of these conditions as these are putting heavy toll on the individuals health and putting community on risk as whole.

Keywords: Prediabetes, Diabetes mellitus, risk factors, endocrinology, prevalence, associative factors.