SYNTHON IS A STRUCTURAL UNIT WITHIN A MOLECULE THAT CAN BE FORMED AND/OR ASSEMBLED BY KNOWN SYNTHETIC OPERATIONS
Ritu Patel*, Prof. Dr. Dhrubo Jyoti Sen, Prof. Dr. C. N. Patel and Dr. Ishan I. Panchal
ABSTRACT
Retrosynthetic analysis is a technique for solving problems in the planning of organic syntheses.
This is achieved by transforming a target molecule into simpler precursor structures without assumptions
regarding starting materials. Each precursor material is examined using the same method. This procedure is
repeated until simple or commercially available structures are reached. E.J. Corey formalized this concept in his
book The Logic of Chemical Synthesis. The power of retrosynthetic analysis becomes evident in the design of a
synthesis. The goal of retrosynthetic analysis is structural simplification. Often, a synthesis will have more than
one possible synthetic route. Retrosynthesis is well suited for discovering different synthetic routes and comparing
them in a logical and straightforward fashion. A database may be consulted at each stage of the analysis, to
determine whether a component already exists in the literature. In that case, no further exploration of that
compound would be required. Synthon approach is followed by the following terminologies: Disconnection (A
retrosynthetic step involving the breaking of a bond to form two (or more) synthons), Retron (A minimal molecular
substructure that enables certain transformations), Retrosynthetic tree (A directed acyclic graph of several (or all)
possible retrosyntheses of a single target), Synthon (An idealized molecular fragment), Target (The desired final
compound), Transform (The reverse of a synthetic reaction; the formation of starting materials from a single
product).
Keywords: Carbocation, Carbanion, Electrophile, Nucleophile, Disconnection, Synthon, Synthetic Equivalent, Target Molecule, Functional group inter?conversion, Functional Group addition, Functional Group Removal, Connective transform, Ring transform, Rearrangement t
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