EFFECT OF ENALAPRIL, LOSARTAN ALONE AND IN COMBINATION ON BLOOD GLUCOSE, SERUM INSULIN AND SERUM CORTISOL IN RABBITS

Dr. Tushar R. Bagle, Dr. Gambre Rohini S., Dr. Shyamal R. Sinha, Dr. Dinesh K. Dhodi, Dr. Abhijeet D. Joshi and Dr. Akash A. Khobragade

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Diabetes is a growing epidemic in greatest number of cases being expected in China and India. Enalapril and Losartan one of the most commonly used antihypertensives were reported to cause hypoglycemia. Material and Methods: 24 albino rabbits were selected after screening and randomized in 4 groups, control (gum acacia), Enalapril, Losartan and combination of Enalapril and Losartan. At zero hours blood collected for baseline investigations, subsequently food administered, followed by drug administration to respective groups. Blood collected at zero (baseline), 1, 2 and 4 hours for blood glucose, serum insulin and serum cortisol levels. Results: The blood glucose levels in Enalapril group was 82.76+0.60, in Losartan (84.85+0.61) and combination of Enalapril and Losartan group (81.26+0.58) showed statistically significant reduction at 1 hour compared to control (98.76+0.64) and similar results were seen at 2 and 4 hours of administering the medication. The Serum Insulin levels in Enalapril (9.93+0.11), Losartan (9.73+0.11) and combination (10.31+0.17) showed statistically significant reduction as compared to control (7.82+0.22) at 1 hour and similar results were seen at 2 and 4 hours. The Serum Cortisol levels in Enalapril (2.36+0.26), Losartan(2.53+0.30) and combination (2.18+0.28) showed statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction at 1 hour as compared to control (3.94+0.38) and similar results were also at 2 and 4 hours. Conclusion: Enalapril, Losartan, alone and in combination has antihyperlycemic effect, this can be used in patients having hypertension with impaired glucose tolerance. These medications also have a chance of causing hypoglycaemia at high doses.

Keywords: Antihyperglycemic, Enalapril, Losartan, Hypoglycemia, Rabbits.